4.11.96
Agronomy 517: Weed Biology and Ecology
Spring semester, 1996
Unit 4: Weed species reports
__________________________________________________________ Cocklebur Bibliography
Xanthium strumarium


Prepared by Jim Lee
__________________________________________________________
1. Abdulrahman, F. and J. Winstead. 1977. Chlorophyll
levels and leaf ultrastructure as ecotypic characters in
Xanthium strumarium L. Am. J. Bot. 64: 1177-1181.

2. Adcock, T. E. and P. A. Banks. 1991. Effects of
preemergence herbicides on the competitiveness of selected
weeds. Weed. Sci. 39:54-56.

3. Adcock, T. E., P. A. Banks, and D. C. Bridges. 1990.
Effects of preemergence herbicides on soybean (Glycine max):
weed competition. Weed. Sci. 38:108-112.

4. Agata, I., S. Goto, T. Hatano, S. Nishibe, and T. Okuda.
1993. 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid from Xanthium
strumarium. Phytochemistry, 508-509.

5. Andersen, R. N. 1982. Variation in growth habit and
response to chemicals among three common cocklebur (Xanthium
strumarium) selections Herbicides, insecticides,
phytotoxicity. Weed. Sci. 30:339-343.

6. Bakale, V. L. 1979. Spray effects of herbicides on
Xanthium strumarium Linn. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,
sodium arsenite, maleic hydrazide. Botanique. 1982).53-62.

7. Banks, V. E., L. R. Oliver, and M. McClelland. 1988.
Influence of soybean oil carrier and method of application
on weed control in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed. Sci. 36:504-
509.

8. Barrentine, W. L. 1974. Common cocklebur competition in
soybeans. Weed Sci. 22:600-603.

9. Barrentine, W. L. 1989. Minimum effect rate of
chlorimuron and imazaquin applied to common cocklebur
(Xanthium strumarium). Weed. Technol. J. Weed. Sci. Soc. Am.
3:126-130.

10. Barrentine, W. L. 1991. Minimum imazethapyr rates for
common cocklebur control. Res. Rep. Miss. Agric. For. Exp.
Stn. 16:

11. Battle, R., J. Gaunt, and D. Laidman. 1976. The effect
of photoperiod on endogenous gamma-tocopherol and
plastochromanol in leaves of Xanthium strumarium L.
(Cocklebur). Trans. Biochem. Soc. 4:

12. Ben, G. Y., C. B. Osmond, and T. D. Sharkey. 1987.
Comparisons of photosynthetic responses of Xanthium
strumarium and Helianthus annuus to chronic and acute water
stress in sun and shade. Plant Physiol. 84:476-482.

13. Bisht, N. P. S. and R. Singh. 1979. Chemical
constituents of the stem and roots of Xanthium strumarium
Linn. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 56:108-109.

14. Bisht, N. and R. Singh. 1978. Chemical investigation of
the leaves of Xanthium strumarium Linn. J. Indian Chem. Soc.
55:707-708.

15. Blais, P. A. and M. J. Lechowicz. 1989. Variation among
populations of Xanthium strumarium (Compositae) from natural
and ruderal habitats. Am. J. Bot. 76:901-908.

16. Boyer, G. L. and J. A. D. Zeevaart. 1986. 7'-hydroxy (-
)-R-abscisic acid: a metabolite of feeding (-)-R-abscisic
acid to Xanthium strumarium. Phytochemistry, 25:1103-1105.

17. Bozsa, R. C. and L. R. Oliver. 1990. Competitive
mechanisms of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and
soybean (Glycine max) during seedling growth. Weed. Sci.
38:344-350.

18. Bozsa, R. C. and L. R. Oliver. 1993. Shoot and root
interference of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and
soybean (Glycine max). Weed. Sci. 41:34-37.

19. Buchanan, G. A. a. R. B. 1971. Influence of weed
competition on cotton, sicklepod and tall morningglory. Weed
sci. 19, 19:580-582.

20. Buhler, D. D., J. L. Gunsolus, and D. F. Ralston. 1993.
Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) control in soybean
(Glycine max) with reduced bentazon rates and cultivation.
Weed. Sci. 41:447-453.

21. Burnett, W. C. , S.B.Jones. 1974. Sesquiterpene
lactones - Insect feeding deterrents in Vernonia. Biochem.
System. and ecology, 25-29.

22. Cardon, Z. G., K. A. Mott, and J. A. Berry. 1994.
Dynamics of patchy stomatal movements, and their
contribution to steady-state and oscillating stomatal
conductance calculated using gas-exchange techniques. Plant
cell environ. 17:995-1007.

23. Carey, J. B. and M. S. Defelice. 1991. Timing of
chlorimuron and imazaquin application for weed control in no-
till soybeans (Glycine max). Weed. Sci. 39:232-237.

24. Chivinge, O. A. 1985. Today's weed: cocklebur (Xanthium
strumarium L.). Zimbabwe. Agric. J. 82:55-58.

25. Cleland, C. 1974. Isolation of flower-inducing and
flower-inhibitory factors from aphid honeydew. [Dactynotus
ambrosiae, Xanthium strumarium, hormonal control of
flowering]. Plant Physiol. 54: 119-125.

26. Cockshull, K. E. 1984. The photoperiodic induction of
flowering in short-day plants. . Light. and. the. flowering.
process. :. Proceedings. D.33-49.

27. Cornish, K. and J. A. D. Zeevaart. 1985. Abscisic acid
accumulation by roots of Xanthium strumarium L. and
Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. in relation to water stress.
Plant Physiol. 79:653-658.

28. Cornish, K. and J. A. D. Zevaart. 1985. Movement of
abscisic acid into the apoplast in response to water stress
in Xanthium strumarium L. Plant Physiol. 78:623-626.

29. Creelman, R. A. and J. A. D. Zeevaart. 1983.
Incorporation of oxygen into abscisic acid and phaseic acid
from molecular oxygen [Leaves of Xanthium strumarium]. Proc.
Annu. Meet. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 3134.31-34.

30. Cutler, H. G. 1985. Secondary metabolites from plants
and their allelochemic effects. A. C. S. Symp. Ser. Am.
Chem. Soc. 455468.455-468.

31. Cutler, H. G. and R. J. Cole. 1983.
Carboxyatractyloside: a compound from Xanthium strumarium
and Atractylis gummifera with plant growth inhibiting
properties. The possible "inhibitor A". J. Nat. Prod. 46:609-
613.

32. Deen, W., A. Weersink, C. G. Turvey, and S. Weaver.
1993. Weed control decision rules under uncertainty. Rev.
agric. econ. Jan:39-50.

33. Defelice, M. S., W. B. Brown, R. J. Aldrich, B. D.
Sims, D. T. Judy, and D. R. Guethle. 1989. Weed control in
soybeans (Glycine max) with reduced rates of postemergence
herbicides. Weed. Sci. 37:365-374.

34. Deoray, S. D. 1980. Puccinia xanthii on Xanthium
strumarium in India. Indian Phytopathol. 1981).483-484.

35. Dnyansagar, V. and V. Bakale. 1977. Effect of
weedicides [2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, maleic
hydrazide, sodium arsenite] on seedling anatomy of Xanthium
strumarium. Phytomorphology. Feb: 227-233.

36. Dongre, T. K. and G. W. Rahalkar. 1984. Ovipositional
deterrents for Earias vitella F. in leaves of Xanthium
strumarium (Compositae). Indian J. Entomol. 46:111-112.

37. Drake, B. and K. Raschke. 1974. Prechilling of Xanthium
strumarium L. reduces net photosynthesis and, independently,
stomatal conductance, while sensitizing the stomata to C02
[carbon dioxide]. Plant Physiol. 53:

38. Drake, B. and K. Raschke. 1972. Reductions in
photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in leaves of
Xanthium strumarium L. caused by chilling. Mich. State.
Univ. MSU/AEC. Plant Res. Lab. Annu. Rep. 44-46.

39. Egley, G. H. a. M. C. 1978. germination and viablility
of weed seeds after 2.5 years in a 50 year buried seed
study. Weed Sci. 26:230-239.

40. ElBeltagy, A. and I. Henson. 1977. The influence of
photoperiod on endogenous ethylene levels in Xanthium
strumarium L. [a short day plant]. Egypt. J. Hortic. 4: 125-
130.

41. Ellis, J. P. and N. D. Camper. 1995. In vitro cultured
cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) responses to
dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid and monosodium
methanearsonate. J. plant growth reg. Winter:9-13.

42. Farquhar, G., D. Dubbe, and K. Raschke. 1978. Gain of
the feedback loop involving carbon dioxide and stomata.
theory and measurement [Maize, Xanthium strumarium]. Plant
Physiol. 62:

43. Farquhar, G. and K. Raschke. 1975. Resistance to
evaporation of the mesophyll cell wall [Xanthium
strumarium]. Plant Res. MSU. AEC. Plant Res. Lab. Mich.
State. Univ. 33-34.

44. Fawcett R. S. a. E. N. 1981. Cocklebur. Iowa State
University. PM-749:1-2.

45. Felippe, G. 1977. Effect of insect juvenile hormone
upon flowering [in Stevia rebaudiana, Xanthium strumarium,
Pharbitis nil and Porophyllum lanceolatum]. Z.
Pflanzenphysiol. 85:219-271.

46. Furbank, R. T., M. R. Badger, and C. B. Osmond. 1982.
Photosynthetic oxygen exchange in isolated cells and
chloroplasts of C3 carbon pathway plants Spinacia oleracea,
Spinach chloroplasts, Xanthium strumarium. Plant Physiol.
70:927-931.

47. Gale, J. 1982. Evidence for essential maintenance
respiration of leaves of Xanthium strumarium at high
temperature. J. Exp. Bot. 33:471-476.

48. Gale, J. and J. Easton. 1979. Environ. Pollut. 19:89-
101.

49. Genty, B. and J. B. VieiraDaSilva. 1987. Photosynthesis
under osmotic stress. A possible cause of the osmotic stress
induced susceptibility to photoinhibition. . Progress. in
photosynthesis. research. :. proceedings. of. the. VIIth.
International. Congress. on. Photosynthesis. Biggins.169-
172.

50. Gerwick, B. C., L. C. Mireles, and R. J. Eilers. 1993.
Rapid diagnosis of ALS/AHAS-resistant weeds. Weed. technol.
7:519-524.

51. Gibby, D. 1973. Xanthium strumarium L. : extraction and
assay of floral promotive principles and additional
investigations into inhibition of flowering. Ann. Arbor. 51:

52. Gibby, D. and F. Salisbury. 1971. Participation of long-
day inhibition in flowering of Xanthium strumarium L. Plant
Physiol. 47: 784-789.

53. Griffin, J. L., D. B. Reynolds, P. R. Vidrina, and A.
M. Saxton. 1993. Cocklebur control in soybeans with reduced
rates of Scepter. La. Agric. La. Agric. Exp. Stn. 36:14-16.

54. Griffin, J. L., D. B. Reynolds, P. R. Vidrine, and A.
R. Saxton. 1992. Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium)
control with reduced rates of soil and foliar-applied
imazaquin. Weed. technol. 6:847-851.

55. Griffin, T., T. Geissman, and T. Winters. 1971. The
chemistry of a structurally diagnostic color reaction of
xanthinin and related sesquiterpene lactones. [Xanthium
strumarium]. Phytochemistry, 10: 2487-2495.

56. Grodzinski, B., I. Boesel, and R. F. Horton. 1982.
Ethylene release from leaves of Xanthium strumarium L. and
Zea mays L. Maize. J. Exp. Bot. 33:344-354.

57. Grodzinski, B., I. Boesel, and R. F. Horton. 1982. The
effect of light intensity on the release of ethylene from
leaves Zea mays, maize, Xanthium strumarium. J. Exp. Bot.
33:1185-1193.

58. Gupta, K. and D. Gupta. 1975. Isolation of an
antibacterial compound, Xanthumin from the leaves of
Xanthium strumarium Linn. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 52: 1224-
1225.

59. Gupta, K. and S. Chatterjee. 1974. Cotyledonary
senescence of Xanthium strumarium Linn. Bot. Gaz. 135:

60. Habetz, R. J. and J. L. Griffin. 1992. Soybean weed
control research. Annu. res. rep. La. State. Univ. Baton.
Rouge,. La,. 1992.393-407.

61. Haigler, W. E., B. J. Gossett, J. R. Harris, and J. E.
Toler. 1988. Resistance of common cocklebur (Xanthium
strumarium) to the organic arsenical herbicides. Weed. Sci.
36:24-27.

62. Haigler, W. E., B. J. Gossett, J. R. Harris, and J. E.
Toler. 1994. Growth and development of organic arsenical-
susceptible and -resistant common cocklebur (Xanthium
strumarium) biotypes under noncompetitive conditions. Weed.
technol. 8:154-158.

63. Hamasaki, N. and A. W. Galston. 1990. The polyamines of
Xanthium strumarium and their response to photoperiod.
Photochem. Photobiol. 52:181-186.

64. Hare, J. D. 1980. Variation in fruit size and
susceptibility to seed predation among and within
populations of the cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium L.
Oecologia. 46:217-222.

65. Hare, J. D. and D. J. Futuyma. 1978. Oecologia. 37:109-
120.

66. Hare, J. 1977. The biology of Phaneta imbridana
(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a seed predator of Xanthium
strumarium (Compositae). Psyche. 84: 179-182.

67. Hasan, S. 1974. Xanthium [spinosum, Xanthium
strumarium] rust as a possiblebiological control agent of
Bathurst and Noogoora burrs in Australia. Misc. Publ.
Commonw. Inst. Biol. Control. 8:

68. Hatch, R. C., A. V. Jain, R. Weiss, and J. D. Clark.
1982. Toxicologic study of carboxyatractyloside (active
principle in cocklebur--Xanthium strumarium) in rats treated
with enzyme inducers and inhibitors and glutathione
precursor and depletor. Am. J. Vet. Res. 43:111-116.

69. Havelange, A. 1980. The quantitative ultrastructure of
the meristematic cells of Xanthium strumarium during the
transition to flowering. Am. J. Bot. 67:1171-1178.

70. Henry, W. T. and T. T. Bauman. 1989. Interference
between soybeans (Glycine max) and common cocklebur
(Xanthium strumarium) under Indiana field conditions. Weed.
Sci. 37:753-760.

71. Henson, I. and P. Wareing. 1976. Cytokinins in Xanthium
strumarium L.: distribution in the plant and production in
the root system. J. Exp. Bot. 27: 1268-1278.

72. Henson, I. and P. Wareing. 1977. Cytokinins in Xanthium
strumarium L.: the metabolism of cytokins in detached leaves
and buds in relation to photoperiod. New Phytol. 78: 27-33.

73. Henson, I. and P. Wareing. 1977. Cytokinins in Xanthium
strumarium L.: some aspects of the photoperiodic control of
endogenous levels. New Phytol. 78: 35-45.

74. Hilgendorf, J. H. and R. D. Goeden. 1983. Phytophagous
insect faunas of spiny clotbur, Xanthium spinosum, and
cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium, in Southern California
Biological control of weeds. Environ. Entomol. 12:404-411.

75. Horsfield, D. 1977. Relationships between feeding of
Philaenus spumarius (L.) and the amino acid concentration in
the xylem sap [of Xanthium strumarium]. Ecol. Entomol. 2:

76. Jadhav, A. N. and R. B. Somani. 1979. Indian
Phytopathol. Apr:369-371.

77. Jaggi, K. S. and S. V. Gangal. 1987. Purification and
characterization of allergens from Xanthium strumarium
pollen. Mol. Cell Biochem. 78:177-190.

78. Jones, R. E. and R. H. Walker. 1993. Effect of
interspecific interference, light intensity, and soil
moisture on soybean (Glycine max), common cocklebur
(Xanthium strumarium), and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia)
water uptake. Weed. Sci. 41:534-540.

79. Jordan, N. 1992. Differential interference between
soybean (Glycine max) varieties and common cocklebur
(Xanthium strumarium): a path analysis. Weed. Sci. 40:614-
620.

80. Joshi, N. 1974. Control of Xanthium strumarium
(cocklebur) with MSMA (an arsenical herbicide) [mono sodium
methane arsenate]. Plant Prot. Bull. Delhi. 1974).

81. Julien, M. H., J. E. Broadbent, and N. C. Matthews.
1979. Entomophaga. 24:29-34.

82. Kapoor, V., A. Chawla, A. Gupta, and K. Bedi. 1976.
Studies on the oil of Xanthium strumarium. J. Am. Oil Chem.
Soc. 53:

83. Karl, V. 1965. Physiological-ecology of Xanthium
strumarium L. I. Seasonal morphological variants and
distribution. Trop. Ecol. 6:72-87.

84. Kaul, V. 1968. Physiological-ecology of Xanthium
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85. Kaul, V. 1971. Physiological-ecology of Xanthium
strumarium Linn. iV. effect of climatic factors on growth
and distribution. New Phytol. 70:

86. Keese, R. J. and N. D. Camper. 1994. Uptake and
translocation of [14C]MSMA in cotton and MSMA-resistant and-
susceptible cocklebur. Pestic. biochem. physiol. 49:138-
145.

87. Khafagy, S., N. Sabry, A. Metwally, and S. elNaggar.
1974. Phytochemical investigation of Xanthium strumarium.
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88. Khune, N. N. 1978. J. Maharashtra. Agric. Univ. 3:143

89. Koukkari, W. L., L. C. Hobbs, and F. B. Salisbury.
1992. Phase shift in large movements of Xanthium attributed
to age and rhythm patterns. Plant Physiol. 98:1381-1385.

90. Kulkarni, S. G. 1986. Changes in lignin content of
Xanthium strumarium L. following infection of foliar
pathogens. Indian Bot. Rep. 5:210-211.

91. Lechowicz, M. J. 1984. The effects of individual
variation in physiological and morphological traits on the
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92. Leonard, M., J. M. Kinet, M. Bodson, A. Havelange, A.
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93. Levene, B. C. and M. D. K. Owen. 1994. Movement of 14C-
bentazon with adjuvants into common cocklebur (Xanthium
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94. Levene, B. C. and M. D. K. Owen. 1995. Effect of
moisture stress and leaf age on bentazon absorption in
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95. Linnaeus, C. 1753 Species plantarum. Stockholm,

96. Longstreth, D. J. and P. J. Kramer. 1980. Bot. Gaz.
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97. Longstreth, D. J. and P. J. Kramer. 1980. Bot. Gaz.
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98. Love D.and P.Dansereau. 1958. Biosystematic studies on
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99. Maksymowych R. 1990 Analysis of growth and development
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100. Malik, M. S., N. K. Sangwan, and K. S. Dhindsa. 1993.
Xanthanolides from Xanthium strumarium. Phytochemistry,
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101. Marco, J. A., J. F. SanzCervera, J. Corral, M. Carda,
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103. McLean, K. S. and K. W. Roy. 1991. Weeds as a source
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104. McMillan, C. 1973. Photoperidoic adaptation in
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105. McMillan, C. 1973. Photoperiod evidence in the
introduction of xanthium strumarium to Tahiti and Hawaii
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106. McMillan, C. 1974. Experimental hybridization in
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107. McMillan, C. 1974. Photoperiodic adaptation of
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108. McMillan, C. 1974. Photoperiodic responses in
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109. McMillan, C. 1974. Photoperiodic responses of Xanthium
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110. McMillan, C. 1975. The Xanthium strumarium complexes
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111. McMillan, C. 1975. Experimental hybridization of
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112. McMillan, C. 1975. Systematic implications of the
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113. McMillan, C., P. Chavez, and T. Mabry. 1975.
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115. McMillan, C., T. Mabry, and P. Chavez. 1976.
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117. Mirolo, C., M. Bodson, and G. Bernier. 1990. Floral
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118. MolinaTorres, J., D. L. Laidman, and J. K. Gaunt.
1991. Diurnal changes in the incorporation of [U-
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Xanthium strumarium. Phytochemistry, 30:1107-1108.

119. MolinaTorres, J. and M. L. Martinez. 1991. Tocopherols
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120. Monks, C. D., J. W. Wilcut, and J. S. I. Richburg.
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121. Moran, G. F., D. R. Marshall, and W. J. Muller. 1981.
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122. Moran, G. and D. Marshall. 1978. Allozyme uniformity
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124. Mortensen, D. A. and H. D. Coble. 1989. The influence
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125. Mott, K. A., R. G. Jensen, and J. A. Berry. 1986.
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126. Mott, K. A., R. G. Jensen, J. W. O'Leary, and J. A.
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concentrations in intact leaves of Xanthium strumarium L.
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127. Mott, K. A. and J. W. O'Leary. 1984. Stomatal behavior
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128. Neary, P. E. and B. A. Majek. 1990. Common cocklebur
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131. Orton, P. and T. Mansfield. 1976. Studies of the
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132. Patel, R. G. and V. S. Patel. 1978. Alkyd resins of
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